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Early Shively Family History
Alice Shivley Freed has outlined our early family history in her book:
THE FAMILY OF JACOB SCHÄUBLIN AND MARIA MARTIN
WALDENBURG, SWITZERLAND, 1650
AND THEIR
SHIVELY, SHIVELEY, SHIVLEY DESCENDENTS
According to the Swiss Archives, Canton of Basel, our family story begins in the dim past, somewhere in France, before the 17th century. People who were of the Protestant faith were called HUGUENOTS. They were able to have their own churches and schools. However, in 1685, during the reign of King Louis XIV, he attempted to rid the kingdom of all heresy. The Edict of Nantes, which had allowed religious freedom, was revoked and a reign of terror began for all Protestant believers. It is said that as many as 200,000 Huguenots fled the cruel and unjust punishments of the realm. Many fled to Europe, others came to America. One group settled in the Canton of Basel, Switzerland. This is located in the north-west "corner" of Switzerland where France and Germany come together. Swiss records began in 1660. George Andrews, a renowned genealogical researcher, has found that our family was well established before that time. According to the Swiss Archives, it is "traditional" that the people of this area were Huguenots, who had fled from France at an earlier date. However, there are no records to show from whence or when these people came to the Canton of Basel. See SHIVELY family prehistory.
Dr. Delbert Gratz, former librarian of the Mennonite Historical Library, Bluffton College, tells us that it was the custom then, for people of the same area to take the same surname. The name was SCHÄUBLIN. It is not known if these people were related or not. Today, the original name is still found in the six parishes of the Canton of Basel. Over the years, in this country in particular, the name has undergone many changes. Today, the usual spelling is SHIVELY, SHIVELEY, or SHIVLEY. From time to time, various researchers have tried to translate the name. However, according to the Swiss Archives, there is no translation for the original name. They further added that the SCHÄUBLINS were peasants, farmers and smiths. There was no royalty in our Swiss ancestors, therefore there is no family crest.
On a map of Switzerland today, you usually can find the town of Oberdorf. Often the small nearby villages of Waldenburg and Niederdorf are not shown. However, a 1747 map of Switzerland shows Walburg. Our ancestors apparently belonged to the Reformed Church, where their records are preserved today. While the SCHÄUBLINS are found in all of these villages, there is no record of any close relationship among them. George Andrews writes of his 1997 trip to this area, that the Reformed Church serving these three ancestral villages is located between Niederdorf and Oberdorf. The church has a medieval appearance, showing few signs of remodeling. The church yard cemetery is modern, having been cleared and leveled. The family name appears on several of the modern tombstones.
Our first recorded ancestor is Jacob SCHÄUBLIN, born about 1650, probably in Waldenburg. He married Maria MARTIN, 1 May 1676. They had eight children. Parish records describe Jacob as Schmidt von Waldenburg (Smith from Waldenburg).
OUR SWISS ANCESTORS
FIRST GENERATION
SH1 Jacob SCHÄUBLIN, born about 1650, probably in Waldenburg, Canton of Basel, Switzerland, married 1 May 1676, in Waldenburg, Maria MARTIN. Occupation: Smith.
Eight Children
SH11 Hans Jacob, baptized 30 Dec 1677, in Waldenburg, Canton of Basel, Switzerland
SH12 Daniel, baptized 17 Feb 1680, in Waldenburg, Canton of Basel, Switzerland
SH13 Christoffel, baptized 22 Oct 1682, in Waldenburg, Canton of Basel, Switzerland
SH14 Elsbeth, baptized 6 Jan 1685, in Waldenburg, Canton of Basel, Switzerland
SH15 Anna, baptized 24 Apr 1687, in Waldenburg, Canton of Basel, Switzerland
SH16 Verena, baptized 19 Feb 1689, in Waldenburg, Canton of Basel, Switzerland
SH17 Maria, baptized 20 July 1690, in Waldenburg, Canton of Basel, Switzerland
SH18 Jacob, baptized 6 Aug 1691, in Waldenburg, Canton of Basel, Switzerland
SECOND GENERATION
SH12 Daniel SCHÄUBLIN, baptized 17 Feb 1680, in Waldenburg, Canton of Basel, Switzerland, m. Maria REICHNER. Maria was from Aarburg, area of Bern. Daniel's occupation: Smith.
Five Children
SH121 Anna, illegitimate child by Anna KRATTIGER, baptized 31 Jan 1706, in Oberdorf
SH122 Jacob, baptized 7 Sept 1706, in Oberdorf, d. in America, m. Ester SEYLER.
Three children baptized in Waldenburg, Canton of Basel, Switzerland.
SH1221 Daniel, baptized 7 Oct 1731, died in America
SH1222 Jacob, baptized 22 Mar 1733, died in America
SH1223 Anna Maria, baptized 22 May 1735, died in America
SH122 Jacob and his family secretly immigrated to America with his brother, SH123 Daniel, and his family. They arrived in Philadelphia aboard the ship ANN, 28 Sept 1749. Nothing more is known of this family.
SH123 Daniel, baptized 26 May 1709, in Waldenburg, Canton of Basel, Switzerland
SH124 Stoffel, baptized 9 Apr 1713, in Waldenburg, Canton of Basel, Switzerland
SH125 Johannes, baptized 1 May 1715, in Waldenburg, Canton of Basel, Switzerland
THIRD GENERATION
SH123 Daniel SCHÄUBLIN, baptized 26 May 1709, in Waldenburg, Canton of Basel, Switzerland, died 1763 in Frederick County, Virginia. He married 1) 21 June 1729, in Waldenburg, Margareth SPITLER of Waldenburg, daughter of Werni SPITTELER and Verena TSCHUDI. Daniel married 2) Christina, probably in America. All five children and Christina were alive and mentioned in Daniel's will of 18 Apr 1763, Frederick County, Virginia.
SH1231 Daniel, baptized 29 Jan 1730, in Waldenburg, married Barbara TSCHUMI
SH1232 Wernhard "Barniba", baptized 25 Apr 1731, in Walsenburg, Canton of Basel, Switzerland
SH1233 Johannes, baptized 30 May 1741, in Waldenburg. Date of death, names of wife or children are unknown. John purchased property in Frederick County, Virginia in 1766 and in Berkeley County, Virginia (now West Virginia) in 1779 and 1780. John owned a slave named Frank, who he emancipated 31 Mar 1791. SH1234 Peter, baptized 16 Feb 1744, in Waldenburg SH1235 Ursula "Orsly", baptized 17 Oct 1745, in Waldenburg.
Ref: Parish Records, George Andrews, Eva Pert
TO THE "NEWLY FOUND LAND"
About 1746, SH123 Daniel SCHÄUBLIN and his older brother, SH122 Jacob, and their families secretly left their homeland. This means they did not notify the authorities of their intentions, nor did they pay the usual fees and taxes. They would have made their way down the Rhine River to Rotterdam, Holland. From there, they would have boarded a passenger ship bound for Cowes, England, and on to America. After a long and difficult trip, the ship ANN landed in Philadelphia 28 Sept 1749.
In a Waldenburg report in 1749, referring to SH123 Daniel SCHÄUBLIN, the following was recorded:
His secret emigration and that of his brother Jacob is announced in a report of the Obervogt, read in Council May 14, 1749... in which it is presumed that they went to Pennsylvania. His own emigration is confirmed by RL 1753: "First from Daniel SCHÄUBLIN of Waldenburg who went to the newly-found-land 3 years ago and at present inherited 50 pounds from his grandfather"... The two SCHÄUBLINS [took their wives and children] along".
The emigrants were not acting blindly. They had some prior knowledge as to what lay ahead for them. About 1706 or 1707, a group of persecuted Swiss Mennonites went to England. There they signed an agreement with William Penn to "take up" certain lands in America. The reasons for leaving their homeland can be found in a number of texts, particularly Faust - LIST OF SWISS EMIGRANTS IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY TO THE AMERICAN COLONIES.
Switzerland was a bastion of Catholic faith in the 1700s, and Protestants, especially the Baptists (Anabaptists or Mennonites) were an unending problem for the government.
"The most terrible and relentless persecution by courts especially appointed, and spies tracking the suspected to their homes, executions by fire and water (drowning, with intended irony), compulsory service in foreign armies or on the galleys of the Mediterranean, could not stop the spread of the sectarian doctrines."
Yet, the Swiss government did not want its citizens to leave, fearing the loss of soldiers, and agricultural and industrial workers. A decrease in population could mean economic or political turmoil.
So emigrants were punished with "... loss of all that the state deemed worth having, citizenship, property, land and home rights Banishment, social ostracism, refusal of permission to return, imprisonment for life if caught returning."
Besides persecution, regular crop failures, lack of employment, conscription for mercenary service and poverty added impetus to the desire to leave. (Although exporting the wretchedly poor offered a convenient solution to their problem, and the government actually helped some who were utterly destitute to leave.) "
Once on board a ship, the passengers had to provide their own hammocks, bedding and food. Cooking was done on sand boxes on the deck, if weather permitted. Prayer meetings were held regardless of the weather. The ship made a port of call in Cowes, England, to give the passengers a chance to obtain fresh provisions.
From the passenger ship records at the Court House in Philadelphia:
Thursday the 28th Sept 1749. "The foreigners whose names are underwritten imported on The Ship ANN, John Spurrier, Master from Rotterdam & last from Cowes in England did this day take the usual Qualifications to the Government. By the List 105, Whole Freights 242
From Basil, Wirtemburg, Zweybrecht, Darnstad
Daniel Scheubly
Jacob Scheublein
There are letters and records telling of a Daniel SCHÄUBLIN being sold as an indentured servant upon arrival of the ship ANN in Philadelphia in 1749. It was a common practice, in those times, to pay for the immigrant family's fare by a member of the family spending a number of years in servitude to whoever paid the passengers expenses. In all probability, it was SH1231 Daniel, son of the immigrant SH123 Daniel SCHÄUBLIN. Some brethren of the Ephrata Cloister bought a young man named Daniel SCHEIBLY from a ship as an indentured servant. Their records show that because Daniel was well mannered, they extended to him the right hand of Brotherhood. He became romantically involved with the celibate Sister Tabea (Ana THOMMEN). They were to be married. However, at the last minute, on their wedding day, the leader of the Cloister persuaded Sr. Tabea to remain celibate. Daniel left the Cloister soon after.
It is not known just where SH123 Daniel and his family first settled. It is known that the immigrants were able to stay in "barracks-like housing" in the Philadelphia area. This gave them a chance to work and gain the means to move to the settled areas of other European immigrants. Their first property records are dated 1758. They may have settled in or near Berkeley County, Virginia (now West Virginia). In 1750, the year following the arrival of SH123 Daniel and his family, his wife's relatives arrived. Jacob TSCHUMI, wife and two daughters, Barbara and Hannah, emigrated from Wangen in the Canton of Bern to Berkeley County Virginia. Not long afterwards, SH1231 Daniel married Barbara TSCHUMI. They resided in Shepherdstown, Berkeley County, Virginia (now West Virginia).
In Switzerland, the exodus continued. One family in particular was to become an important part of our family's history. It is not known if these two families knew each other before arriving in America. In the village of Benken, Canton of Basel, Switzerland, another Protestant family was preparing to leave. In 1747, Hans Ulrich (John Ulrich) SPARR, wife Margaret SEYLER and eight children were making their way down the Rhine River to Rotterdam Holland. There they boarded the ship CROWN with Michael James as Master. The ship arrived in Philadelphia 30 Aug 1749. They settled in Manheim, Lancaster County Pennsylvania, and then moved to Frederick County, Virginia, near Winchester. In 1772, their older son Mattern (Martin) married Mary SHIVELY, in Williamsburg, Washington County, Pennsylvania. Mary and Mattern had three children. When the opportunity for free or very inexpensive land became available in the "western areas", they moved to Ohio. Later, some family members moved to Indiana.
On 8 Nov 1758, SHI23 Daniel purchased 234 acres of land in Frederick County, Virginia, described as "lying in Frederick County on both sides of the wagon road that leads from Swearingen's Ferry in Winchester". Four years later, in 1762, Daniel sold 100 acres of his land to his son SH1231 Daniel and Jacob CHOOMY (TSCHUMI), Daniel's father in-law. The next record for the immigrant SH123 Daniel is his will, dated 18 Apr 1763. An inventory of his estate was made 20 June 1763. At the time of his death, his second wife, Christina, and all five of his children were living.
SH1231 Daniel purchased 2 or 3 lots in Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia. In 1762 Daniel and his father-in-law, Jacob TSCHIMI, bought 100 acres of the senior Daniel's property in Frederick County, Virginia for £30. In 1775, Jacob TSCHUMI deeded his interest in this property to Michael CLOSE, who had married Hannah, the second daughter. A year later, Michael CLOSE sold his half interest in their properly to Daniel for £100. In 1779, Daniel sold one of the lots in Winchester for £110. There were other property transactions in Berkeley County, Virginia. The family may have moved to Washington County Pennsylvania, before 1795. However, the properties in Virginia and Pennsylvania were very close together. At that time, new townships were being formed, county lines were being moved and state boundaries were being changed. This may or may not have been a move for the family. On 20 March 1795, Daniel was granted a patent on 345 acres tract in Pike Run Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania. Both SH1231 Daniel and his son SH12313 Dame! appear on the 1800 U.S. Census on Pike Run Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania. Both Daniels next appear on the 1807 and 1808 tax lists for Wayne Township, Jefferson County, Ohio.
Ref: Swiss and American records. Research efforts of George Andrews, Eleanore Bosser, Imogene Davis, Alice Freed
LIFE IN AMERICA
By now, the Revolutionary War had begun. There is no direct record of our family members serving during the war. However, SH1231 Daniel and wife Barbara SCHÄUBLIN/SHIVELY became indirectly involved. About 1779, in Ansbach, Province of Bavaria, Germany, many young men were ordered to serve in a Regiment of Grenadiers for George III, King of England. Peter HASSELBACHER, age 18 or 19, was one of those conscripted. He served as a Private, Company 4, Ansbach Regiment. Upon reaching America, he served under the command of German officers who answered ultimately to Lord Cornwallis. At some time, Peter was captured. Dr. Lloyd Bockstruck, in his lectures, tells of the American forces making this an easy choice. German written propaganda was wrapped in tobacco leaves and left where German troops could easily find them. He is listed as missing as of June 1783. The deserters were well treated. They were often "farmed out" to local families, particularly those of German heritage. General George Washington paraded them through the towns, so the residents could see for themselves that these German soldiers were young men, like their sons, and farmers, like themselves.
At the end of the war, the soldiers were repatriated. Peter HASSELBACHER-HAZELBAKER was one of those who chose not to return to Germany. He probably had been placed in the custody of the local people. In this case, possibly with SH1231 Daniel and Barbara SHIVELY. Peter had successfully hidden in Daniel's barn. He was declared a deserter in June 1783. Peter married Elizabeth, daughter of Daniel and Barbara, and settled near her parents. They had six sons and possibly a daughter. According to family history, Peter was bitten by a spider while in bed. The doctor was sent for, but as he was drunk, he sent medicine instead. Peter survived, but was left paralyzed. Sometime after that, the family moved to Allen Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania. There, Peter died in 1800, about the age of abiut 41. He was buried in the SPARR/SPHAR cemetery. Six weeks later, their 13 year old son, Peter, died and was buried next to his father. This left Elizabeth with five children, ages 18 to 4 years old. Elizabeth later remarried Ralph SMITH II the son of Ralph SMITH I. Ralph II had been sent by his father, Ralph I a wealthy businessman, to buy property in South West Pennsylvania. Ralph SMITH II was born the son of a slave woman. Ralph II grew up and worked as a slave (probably owned by Joseph Dorsey of Bethlehem Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania) until age 28, when he obtained his freedom by the "1780 Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery" in Pennsylvania.
Meanwhile, Elizabeth's father, SH1231 Daniel SHIVELY, had moved to Jefferson County, Ohio. There he filed his last will and testament, dated 17 Nov 1808. After the usual bequeaths, Daniel stated that his wife was to have the use of his lands until her death. After which the land was to be sold and the money to be divided among the children: son John SHIVELY, son Daniel SHIVELY, daughter Elizabeth's son John HAZELBAKER, daughter Mary SPHAR, daughter Barbara JACKMAN, to daughter Margaret PLUCK, $60.00, and to daughter Elizabeth HAZELBAKER, one dollar.
By now, there were 40 small widely separated communities of settlers in the Pennsylvania and Virginia areas of our ancestors. Each community had their own churches, representing the various beliefs of that time. In the 1750s, there were only four ordained ministers to serve this large population. There were times when the churches had to share preachers or do without services. Existing church records show large gaps, due to the absence of a minister or due to the genuine lack of paper on which to record the church events. The concern of that time was baptism. Many marriages were never recorded.
Military lands and other large acreages were being made available to those who would relocate to the "distant wilderness". The government, not only was honoring a commitment to members of the military, but they were trying to establish a larger buffer zone between the established communities of the East and the Indians. The two Daniel SHIVELYS (SH1231 and SH12313) and their families migrated to Wayne Township, Jefferson County, Ohio. Both Daniels appear on the tax list for this area in 1807 and 1808. The older Daniel made out his will in 1808. Other members of this family may have gone to Ohio at an unknown date. Members of the SPHAR, PLUCK and HAZELBAKER families moved westward, later going into Indiana and Kentucky.
Ref: American and German records. Research efforts of George Andrews, John Carter,
Imogene Davis, Alice Freed, Nina Jackson, Retta Linder, Sue Rulfs,
Mark Schwalm of the Johannes Schwalm Historical Association
The Map to the left shows Ten Mile Creek in the southwest corner of Pennsylvania. Some of our Shively families were known to be living in that area. Barbara (SH12314) daughter of Daniel and Barbara married William T. Jackman in 1786 at nearby Fort Redstone. In order for the family to move to Jefferson County, Ohio, they may have made rafts of logs, floated down the Monongahela River to Fort Pitt (now Pittsburg), continuing on the Ohio River to the Steubenville area of Ohio.
They may have left the river at Yellow Creek to reach their desired properties. The log rafts would then be used to make their first shelter, while they were building log houses. Land records from Cincinnati and Steubenville show additional family members, not know before. Their properties were either connected or nearby. Christian, 6 Dec 1803; Jacob, 6 Dec 1804; Christian Jr., 9 Mar 1805; Ullery, 11 Apr 1805; Daniel, 12 May 1805; Jacob, 3 Oct 1805; Ullery, 31 Oct 1805. Earlier properties were of many acres. Unknown family members may have had establishments of their own the on same property. Land records show only the recorded owner of the land. Later, tax records would show other family members who had certain properties to declare.
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Site last updated 5 January 2006
